It depends on the way that they are assembled. They can't have any gaps for air to leak in or they will be cold. Thicker logs will also have a higher R value.
R-value of wood
The R-value of wood ranges from 0.71 for most hardwoods to 1.41 per inch for most softwoods.
R-value of a log wall
A 6-inch thick log wall has an R-value of just over 8, while a 10-inch milled log wall has an R-value of 10.7.
R-value of a log home
Log homes generally have a 30–40% lower R-value than conventional wood stud walls.
Log homes can be well-insulated if built properly. Here are some ways to improve the energy efficiency of a log home:
Add insulation:
Build an interior wall,
insulate the roof, or add closed cell spray foam
insulation.
Seal and caulk: Use caulking and sealing
materials to prevent air leaks.
Bond logs: Stack and bolt logs every two feet to
prevent shrinkage.
Use the right wood: Use woods like Fir, Pine,
Cedar, and Spruce to prevent shrinkage.
Log homes are common in colder climates like Alaska and Canada, where they are often built without added insulation. However, log homes can be inefficient compared to conventional wood stud walls and may not meet building code energy standards.