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First republics were Phoenician in the west. In India it was Vaijjian Confederacy. I'm uncertain which is older because we have terrible dating for Phoenician sites.
Rome got the concept from Carthage (a Punic/Phoenician people living in Tunesia), Corinth, Estruscans, Magna Graecia (Southern Italy).
Rome got the concept from Carthage (a Punic/Phoenician people living in Tunesia), Corinth, Estruscans, Magna Graecia (Southern Italy).