Obviously you did not read the study and how it defines spankings. You also misunderstand that just because something is harmful and increases likelihood of negative outcomes it does not mean the victim of the abuse will become a serial killer.

A chart for you:

@Doomflower: lmfao, super trollololol action! :D

bows, if there was a crown...... we'd name a cola after it. (hops on time machine)

---by the way, that's the result of a child who was beaten a little too much, don't hate me because i have slop for brains.

I know it and it is very nice theoretically.
The problem is just that it does not describe how life in reality is and it does not take into consideration that words can be amd often are much more hurting and harmful than spanking.