Surya Bhedi (also called Surya Bhedana) pranayama can stimulate and awaken energy both in the physical and the pranic bodies. The word "surya" means the sun and "bhedi" means one that can pierce. Thus the literal meaning of Surya Bhedi is to pierce or energize the right/Sun/heating nostril.
In the Hatha Yoga Pradipika, Surya Bhedi is described in the following three shlokas:
Verse 2.48: Sitting in any comfortable and stable posture, the Yogi should breathe in slowly and smoothly through the right nostril.
Verse 2.49: Retain the breath within until the breath diffuses to the roots of the hair and tips of the nails, and let it out through the left nostril slowly.
Verse 2.50: Surya Bhedi is excellent for purifying the brain area (cranium), destroying the imbalances due to "vaata dosha" (a term representing disturbance of the wind, taken from Ayurveda, the ancient science of medicine) and removing bacteria from the body. It should be done repeatedly.
Gherand Samhita, another ancient text of Hatha Yoga, has a similar description of Surya Bhedi pranayama (5.57, 5.58)
Benefits:
1. Creates heat in the body and counters imbalances of the vata dosha (disturbances of the wind element).
2. Activates and stimulates the pranic energy by energizing the Pingala Nadi.
3. Helps alleviate dullness, lethargy, depression.
4. Brings fresh energy to the body so one can perform physical activities more efficiently.
5. Makes the mind more alert and perceptive and is a good pre-meditation pranayama practice.
6. Useful in treating low blood pressure and infertility in women.
More Details & Source: https://yogawithsubhash.com/2012/09/19/surya-bhedichandra-bhedi-pranayama/
