I think the answer may be both yes and no. That is, it may be different depending on the make and model. Also, it depends on why you needed a jump-start in the first place. It could be because of corroded terminal connections, so for the same reasons why the battery wasn't sufficient to start your engine, the generator isn't charging the battery sufficiently.
Also, some cars are difficult to charge when the battery runs down too low. Our old Maxima was one of those. Forget to turn off the lights and 5 hours later even a jumpstart was difficult.
The battery doesn't have to be removed to charge it independently, just disconnect the terminals. Also clean them before reconnecting.
Oh ... also hybrids aren't the same. The tiny "starter" battery is there simply to close a relay to the main power battery.
