Why do misunderstandings like unapproved vacation requests happen in workplaces, and what are some best practices to avoid them?

Have you ever experienced such incredible customer service on a flight that you felt compelled to write to the airline about it? What did the staff do?
Why do we often understand situations only after they’ve ended, not while we’re in them?
Why do narcissists seem to create chaos even though they claim to dislike drama? What are the signs you're dealing with this kind of turmoil?
Why does sleep quality matter just as much as sleep quantity?