I was reading an interesting article saying that almost all of the cells in our body have a finite lifespan. They are programmed to die one day. Telomeres are relevan to aging, in a sense, they are like the little plastic caps on the ends of your shoe laces. They are at the ends of your chromosomes to prevent the DNA (your shoe laces) from fraying; keeping your DNA intact.
Our DNA is linear, and every time the cell divides a piece of DNA is lost from the end of the chromosome (due to the way in which DNA replication proteins function). So without special protection, the telomeres would shorten, fray and break. This is known as ‘telomere attrition’, and occurs when the telomeres lose their protective structure causing chromosome ends to become sticky and fuse to one another, generating genomic instability and gene miss-regulation, leading to cellular ageing and disease.
When telomeres shorten in humans, they send a warning signal to the rest of the cell, and the cell begins to senesce: gene expression changes and the cell secretes factors that cause age-related diseases. Much like a candle slowly burning down until the flame goes out, our telomeres shorten as we age.