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SunshineGirl You say: "The UK civil service is hollowed out by years of austerity, like most other public sector bodies. It is of course politically neutral. If a policy is poorly thought through, funded, and badly led, there is no amount of engineering that can put that right."
The UK civil service is not neutral.
If the ruling party and an electorate want to implement a policy, they ought to be able to. Your civil service has continually interfered with this process and tried to stop various policies from being fulfilled. These policies are only controversial because of the attention given to them by the very undemocratic media. Some days ago, the Supreme Court in the UK ruled that civil servants would have to fulfill the Rwanda policy, or they could be prosecuted. The policy was deemed lawful, despite their opposition. It was the civil service that launched this legal challenge, so they have made their views and their lack of neutrality very clear.
Reform received 4,072,947 votes and have 14% of the vote share in a country where just 59.9% of the population voted. By popular vote, they have come third. This means that those who voted very much care about immigration. A poll revealed that more than half of the UK wants to see a reduction in immigration. They will not get this with a Labor government, who, despite winning, received fewer votes than in 2019, when they lost abysmally. This election has revealed that people, a large number of them conservative voters, are tired of policies not being fulfilled and that Reform is on the rise. It also revealed that some are so disinterested or disenchanted by politics that they would rather not vote at all. I have seen some speculate that this is due to anger. I do not believe it is. Normally, when people fail to vote, it is because they feel there will be no difference made to the country or to their lives. They are right, as Labor is not an improvement on the Conservative Party.
It also seems clear to me who the media wanted to win this election. I heard one commentator say that Labor had a good campaign, free of controversy. No campaign is free of controversy; it is only free of what the establishment determines. If the establishment and the media have decided they want a certain party in power, they will get that party in power. This is democracy in the West.