Is it really the responsibility of the high performer in any field of work, to help others catch up?

Long but I think worth it.
I had to see your comment replies first to add anything. Although I can't see who you're replying to or what they ssid. I'm getting used to that. All my experience is considered corporate to you so I'm limited there. Most of my working life i have been the in-between person fighting with the workers and management. Working in Quality is isolating. I always felt empowered sharing information and techniques to help improve someone's work. I was in a position to witness and compliment progress. The part about someone taking credit for my work always involved some useless program manager. They are the ones that cause companies to have bad reputations. This is where I survived my career and reputation by standing my ground with them and their pet engineers.
I think you can understand this with what you've seen.
Imagine a mobile tactical military command center. Keep that in mind while we fall back inside the factory.
The systems are brutally tested by competent technicians to find software flaws on God forbid Windows based operating systems. The system is basically a bunch of touchscreen boxes that can be individually programed and mapped for instant access to various deployed squads. During the in-house test when failure the program manager snd engineer resolve it like we do st home. Reboot the the system.
Let's go back into the field snd I'm this. I'm going to reboot my system will in fire flight. This is sheer stupidity by having no concept of how critical that system is
This l stood against for our pople in the field. I hold pride for that and think you should help when you can

Mannnn I got a story for you. When I first came here I was one of the oldest but I knew nothing. I wasn’t good at the language so there was a huge barrier too. Everyone else was ahead and since we were graded as a group my low rank dragged everyone down. Everyone was frustrated including myself but I didn’t really get the luxury to express it because I was the problem. One of our teachers told us "You're only as strong as your weakest member." After that my group started helping me and by the next evaluation we did way better.

I get both sides of your argument cuz it’s not a great feeling for others to be taking credit of your work but unfortunately I’ve also been in the other position. Sooooo my point is if you help someone else it’ll be less of a headache, teaching helps refine your own skills, less pressure on you since everyone is at the same level and the whole team gets stronger

I can relate to this. I’ve been asked to do case presentations and other things to upskill others. However ultimately they don’t have my brain and my pattern recognition. So all that happens is I get friendly fire and accused of favouritism. So now I refuse to do anything above my pay grade. I will do low key one on one mentoring if people want to accept how I am but I’m not prepared to make myself a target. It does no good in the long run. Unfortunately we don’t all have the same capability and it’s not your responsibility to up skill others especially when you’re happy to be autonomous.

I have such responsibility. However, to help others catch up on something isn't always done best by "helping" them and do some of the work, but at times is better done by "pushing" them forward by holding back to give some space for making mistakes, collecting experience and thereby improve their overall skillset to do a better job in the future.

You don't want to stick out at work. Management will just put more tasks/responsibility on you.

Coworkers tend to do the least possible.