What’s the best note taking style for college courses?

Learning shorthand is a good idea.
Failing that, leave out vowels unless essential to avoid ambiguity - this speeds up the writing, makes it easier to get every point the lecturer makes.

Use a heading, Topic Number, Name of Topic (Subject of Lecture) Week Number, Date, Name of Lecturer (sometimes there are guest lecturers)
This helps find what you need later.

Listen carefully. Some lecturers repeat themselves, digress, or embroider with interesting but unnecessary detail. Only write what is essential to the understanding of the topic.

Take note of any special points of view or biases that the lecturer reveals about him or herself. If possible, ask a few questions to try to discover them. Remember that they are probably based on a very deep knowledge of the field. When writing an essay, your need not pander to that point of view, but it's a good idea not to run counter to it unless you can provide logically sound arguments and peer-reviewed evidence. Actually all essays must have this attribute, but if you're running against the grain, a second rate lecturer can be less than perfectly objective with the marks.

Be especially fastidious about taking down the names and details of authors and their books, and internet reference sites.

Allow blank space between points. Don't overcrowd the page.
Be sure that your writing is legible.
Use coloured pens in a coded way - decided your own code and stick to it.
Keep the notes for each subject in a separate, colour-coded file.
These help you find what you need when later you need to write your assignments.

My sister used to record lectures on a USB sized device. IDK what's it called. Then she would come home and complete her notes because it's impossible to catch everything from a lecture the first time. Some professors would share/sell their presentations.

As for me I had different notebooks for different subjects. I color-coded the things I underlined in books.
Then the notebooks didn't seem handy to me in the long run so I started using post its. I would compile all the important information in a topic and put it in points on the post its and stick em on the relevant pages in my books. My sister on the other hand staples her notes into the books instead of using sticky notes.

Lately I've been thinking of buying a snug portable printer for mobile screenshots of diagrams from google images that I can glue onto my books for reference instead of having to open my phone time to time and sift through folders.

Try getting your hands on short books too that summarize the info from lengthy ones.

If any information I jot down from the internet, I always cite it so I know where to look for details on that topic if ever required, and to be confident that my information was from a reliable source. Because sometimes I write my own interpretations and more often than not they are wrong.

There are many ways though and my sister and I were just average students so I'm not aware of other more clever methods. Still I hope it helps.

Voice activated recorder

You mean there are styles? I just write stuff with a pen and paper.. works for me :P

Unless you intend to learn something like Pitman or Gregg or Teeline (which can take a while) probably best to come up with your own system.

I also use flow charts and mind maps so I don't have to read paragraphs again.

Follow the style that works for you. That you can easily understand and recall later when you read/revise it.

I had horrrible hand writing so I found typing out notes on my laptop helped

Just record it.Why take notes let technology do the work for you.

Lol, they have these notebooks on Amazon called Rocketbook. You used special pens and it's on reusable paper so once you're done with your notes for the day you can take a picture and upload them to your phone/computer and wipe the page off. I found it helpful when doing tests because it can read your handwriting so instead of flipping through pages you just type the word in and it finds it for you 🤷‍♀️