If there is room that's completely sealed and void of any life or outside elements, does time pass within that room?

Ask Schrodinger. But I would posit a yes. It still contains space time after all.
Now if it was near the event horizon of a black hole... I remember one physicist hypothesized that nothing ever crosses the event horzin but that time just gets broken down into smaller and smaller fractions until it is at a virtual standstill.

The clock keeps moving no matter what.

Are you talking about Red Dwarf? I think they called it a stasis booth, didn't they?

Just because the room is empty time don’t stop.