The entire idea of the nation-state is a fluid one. How are these borders drawn, how are they changed? What legitimizes a nation-state?
Here's an interesting point. Most people know as much about the people on the next street over from them, as they know about any other person on the planet, which is to say, barely anything.
When it comes to humans and their governance, what exactly is the natural arrangement? Is there one? Is there just one?
Another thought. If humans inhabited every planet in the solar system, would the idea of one nation on Earth still be as controversial as it is today?