August 22nd in History
August 22nd….
1639 Madras (now Chennai), India, is founded by the British East India Company on a sliver of land bought from local Nayak rulers
….
The Battle of Woodbury Hill (the battle that never was).
In the days following the 22nd August 1405, the Welsh/French army of Owain Glyn Dwr and the army of Henry IV of England faced each other prepared to engage in a battle that was set to change history.
1405 was the 'Year of the French' in Wales. Their force left Brest with more than twenty-eight hundred knights and men-at-arms led by Jean de Rieux, Marshal of France. However by the time they landed in Milford Haven they had lost many warhorses who had died through lack of fresh water. They marched inland alongside Owain's army and took the town of Haverfordwest but not the castle. They retook Carmarthen and laid siege to Tenby, before marching across South Wales and into England.
Force-marching through Herefordshire and Worcestershire.
Henry IV, moved to intercept the Franco-Welsh force and arrrived with his army at Worcester on 22nd August. The two armies met at Great Witley, ten miles outside Worcester, with Henry taking a postion on Abberley Hill facing south towards Owain's army, positioned on the old hill fort of Woodbury Hill. The two forces took up battle positions daily for the following eight days and although there were a few skirmishes, no battle was initiated and eventually both sides withdrew.
The reasons for the impasse and subsequent withdrawal are unclear, although it is generally believed that Henry's army had the advantage of being well supplied on home soil whereas the Franco-Welsh force was isolated deep in enemy territory and at risk of being surrounded. Also, Owain had suffered a devastating loss earlier that year at The Battle of Pwll Melyn (Battle of Usk) losing 1500 men according to some sources, including his brother Tudur and he was maybe reluctant to initiate an attack.
….
On 22nd August 1485, Henry Tudor defeated Richard III at The Battle of Bosworth in Leicestershire. The death of Richard marked the beginning of the Tudor dynasty and would prove to have a major impact on British history.
Many people believe that on this day
, Rhys ap Thomas from Llandeilo struck the blow that killed King Richard III. An action that helped change the course of Welsh, British and world history.
1766 British expedition to find Terra Australis departs Plymouth, England, with two ships captained by Samuel Wallis and Philip Carteret, becoming two separate voyages when the ships lose each other entering the Pacific Ocean.
On 22nd August 1770, Captain Cook took formal possession of Possession Island, New South Wales.
He then sailed up the east coast of Australia and named it 'New South Wales', possibly because its landscape was similar to that of Wales.
1775 King of Great Britain and Ireland, George III, proclaims the American colonies to be in open rebellion and orders his officials to suppress them.
On 22 August 1975, the Pont-y-Cafnau iron truss bridge over the River Taff in Merthyr Tydfil, was listed as a Grade II* listed building. It is the World's oldest known iron railway bridge. The bridge and aqueduct were designed by Watkin George and built in 1793 for Cyfarthfa Ironworks, to carry limestone and water into the works. It has been refurbished by the local authority and is now used as a footbridge(currently closed?)
22 Aug 1962
The first TV appearance of The Beatles was recorded by Manchester based Granada TV, who filmed a lunchtime session at The Cavern Club in Liverpool, (the performance was shown on 17th October 1962).
22 Aug 1966
After their concert in St. Louis the previous day The Beatles held a press conference for reporters at the Warwick Hotel in New York City. A second press conference for young fans, which was known as the "Junior Press Conference" then held, organised by the radio station WMCA, and was open to 150 lucky fans who had won a contest. The fans were selected from a pool of over 48,000 applicants. When The Beatles finally made their appearance behind the microphoned table, the whole scene got out of hand.
With flashbulbs, screams, and fans rushing at the table, Police were forced to stand in line at the front of The Beatles, stooping so the girls could photograph the Fab 4. Also during the afternoon, New York City teenagers Carol Hopkins and Susan Richmond climbed out onto the ledge on the second floor of the hotel and threatened to jump unless they could get to meet The Beatles. Police eventually talked the girls down.
1639 Madras (now Chennai), India, is founded by the British East India Company on a sliver of land bought from local Nayak rulers
….
The Battle of Woodbury Hill (the battle that never was).
In the days following the 22nd August 1405, the Welsh/French army of Owain Glyn Dwr and the army of Henry IV of England faced each other prepared to engage in a battle that was set to change history.
1405 was the 'Year of the French' in Wales. Their force left Brest with more than twenty-eight hundred knights and men-at-arms led by Jean de Rieux, Marshal of France. However by the time they landed in Milford Haven they had lost many warhorses who had died through lack of fresh water. They marched inland alongside Owain's army and took the town of Haverfordwest but not the castle. They retook Carmarthen and laid siege to Tenby, before marching across South Wales and into England.
Force-marching through Herefordshire and Worcestershire.
Henry IV, moved to intercept the Franco-Welsh force and arrrived with his army at Worcester on 22nd August. The two armies met at Great Witley, ten miles outside Worcester, with Henry taking a postion on Abberley Hill facing south towards Owain's army, positioned on the old hill fort of Woodbury Hill. The two forces took up battle positions daily for the following eight days and although there were a few skirmishes, no battle was initiated and eventually both sides withdrew.
The reasons for the impasse and subsequent withdrawal are unclear, although it is generally believed that Henry's army had the advantage of being well supplied on home soil whereas the Franco-Welsh force was isolated deep in enemy territory and at risk of being surrounded. Also, Owain had suffered a devastating loss earlier that year at The Battle of Pwll Melyn (Battle of Usk) losing 1500 men according to some sources, including his brother Tudur and he was maybe reluctant to initiate an attack.
….
On 22nd August 1485, Henry Tudor defeated Richard III at The Battle of Bosworth in Leicestershire. The death of Richard marked the beginning of the Tudor dynasty and would prove to have a major impact on British history.
Many people believe that on this day
, Rhys ap Thomas from Llandeilo struck the blow that killed King Richard III. An action that helped change the course of Welsh, British and world history.
1766 British expedition to find Terra Australis departs Plymouth, England, with two ships captained by Samuel Wallis and Philip Carteret, becoming two separate voyages when the ships lose each other entering the Pacific Ocean.
On 22nd August 1770, Captain Cook took formal possession of Possession Island, New South Wales.
He then sailed up the east coast of Australia and named it 'New South Wales', possibly because its landscape was similar to that of Wales.
1775 King of Great Britain and Ireland, George III, proclaims the American colonies to be in open rebellion and orders his officials to suppress them.
On 22 August 1975, the Pont-y-Cafnau iron truss bridge over the River Taff in Merthyr Tydfil, was listed as a Grade II* listed building. It is the World's oldest known iron railway bridge. The bridge and aqueduct were designed by Watkin George and built in 1793 for Cyfarthfa Ironworks, to carry limestone and water into the works. It has been refurbished by the local authority and is now used as a footbridge(currently closed?)
22 Aug 1962
The first TV appearance of The Beatles was recorded by Manchester based Granada TV, who filmed a lunchtime session at The Cavern Club in Liverpool, (the performance was shown on 17th October 1962).
22 Aug 1966
After their concert in St. Louis the previous day The Beatles held a press conference for reporters at the Warwick Hotel in New York City. A second press conference for young fans, which was known as the "Junior Press Conference" then held, organised by the radio station WMCA, and was open to 150 lucky fans who had won a contest. The fans were selected from a pool of over 48,000 applicants. When The Beatles finally made their appearance behind the microphoned table, the whole scene got out of hand.
With flashbulbs, screams, and fans rushing at the table, Police were forced to stand in line at the front of The Beatles, stooping so the girls could photograph the Fab 4. Also during the afternoon, New York City teenagers Carol Hopkins and Susan Richmond climbed out onto the ledge on the second floor of the hotel and threatened to jump unless they could get to meet The Beatles. Police eventually talked the girls down.
61-69, M
