March 3rd in History
March 3rd
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The Statute of Rhuddlan was enacted on this day 1284.
After the defeat and deaths of Llywelyn and Dafydd ap Grufydd, Edward I had all but conquered Wales militarily and consolidated his position by completing his castle-building program, with Caernarfon, Conwy, Harlech, Beaumaris, Flint and Rhuddlan forming a defensive ring. Boroughs were created around these castles and English traders invited to settle. The Welsh, however, were forbidden to inhabit the boroughs, or to carry arms within their walls.
Edward then turned his attention to dominating Wales politically and gradually sought to undermine the Welsh legal systems; part of this process was the enactment of The Statute of Rhuddlan, which created laws regarding debt, inquests, pleas, trials, and juries, all in accordance with English common law and administered by Sheriffs. The statute established the counties of Anglesey, Caernarfonshire and Merionethshire, to be governed by the Justice of North Wales, with Flintshire to be governed by the Justice of Chester, and Carmarthenshire and Cardiganshire governed by the Justice of South Wales.
The rest of Wales came under the governance of the Marcher Lords as their reward for their part in defeating Llywelyn. They thus became more or less independent. Another significant aspect of the statute involved the Welsh system of dividing property among all male heirs; this was allowed to continue, to prevent the building up of large Welsh-owned landed estates, but illegitimate sons were not permitted to inherit. However, if there was no male heir the inheritance could pass to females. Also, females had the right to a dowry for the first time in Wales.
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On March 3, 1830, the first public railway in Britain was inaugurated. The opening of the Liverpool and Manchester Railway marked a revolutionary moment in British transportation and industry. This railway was the first to offer scheduled services to the public and was powered by steam engines, paving the way for the rapid expansion of the railway network throughout Britain and beyond.
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1894Gladstone resigned as Prime Minister, aged 84, because his sight and hearing were failing, but he continued to sit as an MP until the General Election
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On March 3, 1909, the construction of the RMS Titanic was officially completed, a milestone that would have profound consequences for both British and world history. Built at the Harland and Wolff shipyards in Belfast, Northern Ireland, the Titanic was touted as the largest and most luxurious ship ever constructed. The ship was a symbol of British engineering excellence and epitomized the grandiosity of early 20th-century industrial achievements.
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March 3rd, 1918, saw the signing of the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk, marking Russia’s exit from World War I. Negotiated between the Bolshevik government and the Central Powers, this treaty ceded vast territories, including Ukraine and the Baltic states, to Germany.
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1955A statement was made that London would become a smokeless zone at the beginning of October.
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1966The BBC announced that it would begin broadcasting television programmes in colour in 1967.
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1968: The two Caroline radio-ships are hijacked by Dutch tugs of the Wijsmuller company and towed to Holland to be impounded, ending the first offshore era for Radio Caroline.
[media=https://youtu.be/dmQ_6gKJBWs?si=2KyPWTwdwyrURUEJ]
2018: Roger 'Twiggy' Day finally gets to broadcast the 'Breakfast Show That Never Was' on Radio Caroline 50 years to the minute after his show fails to air when the radio-ship Mi Amigo is hijacked and towed to Holland.
….
The Statute of Rhuddlan was enacted on this day 1284.
After the defeat and deaths of Llywelyn and Dafydd ap Grufydd, Edward I had all but conquered Wales militarily and consolidated his position by completing his castle-building program, with Caernarfon, Conwy, Harlech, Beaumaris, Flint and Rhuddlan forming a defensive ring. Boroughs were created around these castles and English traders invited to settle. The Welsh, however, were forbidden to inhabit the boroughs, or to carry arms within their walls.
Edward then turned his attention to dominating Wales politically and gradually sought to undermine the Welsh legal systems; part of this process was the enactment of The Statute of Rhuddlan, which created laws regarding debt, inquests, pleas, trials, and juries, all in accordance with English common law and administered by Sheriffs. The statute established the counties of Anglesey, Caernarfonshire and Merionethshire, to be governed by the Justice of North Wales, with Flintshire to be governed by the Justice of Chester, and Carmarthenshire and Cardiganshire governed by the Justice of South Wales.
The rest of Wales came under the governance of the Marcher Lords as their reward for their part in defeating Llywelyn. They thus became more or less independent. Another significant aspect of the statute involved the Welsh system of dividing property among all male heirs; this was allowed to continue, to prevent the building up of large Welsh-owned landed estates, but illegitimate sons were not permitted to inherit. However, if there was no male heir the inheritance could pass to females. Also, females had the right to a dowry for the first time in Wales.
…..
On March 3, 1830, the first public railway in Britain was inaugurated. The opening of the Liverpool and Manchester Railway marked a revolutionary moment in British transportation and industry. This railway was the first to offer scheduled services to the public and was powered by steam engines, paving the way for the rapid expansion of the railway network throughout Britain and beyond.
…..
1894Gladstone resigned as Prime Minister, aged 84, because his sight and hearing were failing, but he continued to sit as an MP until the General Election
….
On March 3, 1909, the construction of the RMS Titanic was officially completed, a milestone that would have profound consequences for both British and world history. Built at the Harland and Wolff shipyards in Belfast, Northern Ireland, the Titanic was touted as the largest and most luxurious ship ever constructed. The ship was a symbol of British engineering excellence and epitomized the grandiosity of early 20th-century industrial achievements.
….
March 3rd, 1918, saw the signing of the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk, marking Russia’s exit from World War I. Negotiated between the Bolshevik government and the Central Powers, this treaty ceded vast territories, including Ukraine and the Baltic states, to Germany.
…..
1955A statement was made that London would become a smokeless zone at the beginning of October.
..
1966The BBC announced that it would begin broadcasting television programmes in colour in 1967.
..
1968: The two Caroline radio-ships are hijacked by Dutch tugs of the Wijsmuller company and towed to Holland to be impounded, ending the first offshore era for Radio Caroline.
[media=https://youtu.be/dmQ_6gKJBWs?si=2KyPWTwdwyrURUEJ]
2018: Roger 'Twiggy' Day finally gets to broadcast the 'Breakfast Show That Never Was' on Radio Caroline 50 years to the minute after his show fails to air when the radio-ship Mi Amigo is hijacked and towed to Holland.
61-69, M
