Ukrainian literature
Ukrainian literature is literature written in the Ukrainian language.
Ukrainian literature mostly developed under foreign domination over Ukrainian territories, foreign rule by the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Poland, the Russian Empire, the Kingdom of Romania, the Austria-Hungary Empire, and the Ottoman Empire, enriched Ukrainian culture and language, and Ukrainian authors were able to produce a rich literary heritage.
History
Prior to the establishment of Ukrainian literature in 1700s, many authors from Ukraine wrote in "scholarly" languages of middle-ages – Latin and Old-Church Slavonic. Among prominent authors from Ukraine who wrote in Latin and Old-Church Slavonic are Hryhorii Skovoroda, Yuriy Drohobych, Stanislav Orikhovsky-Roxolan, Feofan Prokopovych, Jan-Toma Yuzefovych, Pavlo Rusyn-Krosnyanyn and others.
Beginnings of oral Ukrainian literature
During this period of history there was a higher number of elementary schools per population in the Hetmanate than in either neighbouring Muscovy or Poland. In the 1740s, of 1,099 settlements within seven regimental districts, as many as 866 had primary schools. The German visitor to the Hetmanate, writing in 1720, commented on how the son of Hetman Danylo Apostol, who had never left Ukraine, was fluent in the Latin, Italian, French, German, Polish and Russian languages.
Late 16th and early 17th century included the rise of folk epics called dumy. These songs celebrated the activities of the Cossacks and were oral retellings of major Ukrainian historical events in modern Ukrainian language (i.e., not in Old-Church Slavonic). This period produced Ostap Veresai, a renowned minstrel and kobzar from Poltava province, Ukraine.
Beginnings of written Ukrainian literature
Ivan Kotlyarevsky
(1769–1838) Taras Shevchenko
(1814–1861) Ivan Franko
(1856–1916) Mykhailo
Kotsiubynsky
(1864–1913) Lesya Ukrainka
(1871–1913)
The establishment of Ukrainian literature is believed to have been triggered by the publishing of a widely successful poem Eneida by Ivan Kotliarevsky in 1798, which is one of the first instances of a printed literary work written in modern Ukrainian language. Due to Kotliarevsky's role as the inaugurator of Ukrainian literature, among literary critics he is often referred to as "the father of Ukrainian literature". Modern Ukrainian prose was inaugurated by Hryhorii Kvitka-Osnovianenko’s novel Marusya (1834).
Contemporary literature
Main article: Contemporary Ukrainian literature
Since the late 1980s, and particularly after the independence of Ukraine (1991) and disappearance of Soviet censorship the whole generation of writers emerged: Sofia Maidanska, Ihor Kalynets, Moysey Fishbein, Yuri Andrukhovych, Serhiy Zhadan, Oksana Zabuzhko, Oleksandr Irvanets, Yuriy Izdryk, Maria Matios, Ihor Pavlyuk and many others. Many of them are considered to be "postmodernists".
Notable Ukrainian writers
Victoria Amelina
Emma Andijewska
Yuri Andrukhovych
Borys Antonenko-Davydovych
Bohdan-Ihor Antonych
Ivan Bahrianyi
Mykola Bazhan
Vasyl Barka
Bohdan Boychuk
Stepan Charnetskyi
Ilarion Cholhan
Viktor Domontovych
Ivan Drach
Ivan Franko
Moysey Fishbein
Eliáš Galajda
Nikolai Gogol
Yaroslav Halan
Oles Honchar
Yevhen Hutsalo
Igor Kaczurowskyj
Ihor Kalynets
Iryna Kalynets
Tadey Karabovych/Karabowicz
Yelysei Karpenko
Hryts’ko Kernerenko
Lesia Khraplyva
Mykola Khvylovy
Natalia Kobrynska
Olha Kobylyanska
Ivan Kocherha
Oleksa Kolomiyets
Yuriy Kosach
Lina Kostenko
Eaghor (Ihor) Kostetzky
Ivan Kotlyarevsky
Mykhailo Kotsiubynsky
Ludmyla Kovalenko
Oleh Koverko
Mykola Kulish
Panteleimon Kulish
Ivan Kulyk
Myroslav Laiuk
Oksana Liaturynska
Oksana Lutsyshyna
Yuriy Lypa
Andriy Lyubka
Oleh Lysheha
Sofia Maidanska
Vasyl Makhno
Andriy Malyshko
Tanya Malyarchuk
Maria Matios
Leonid Mosendz
Panas Myrny
Ivan Nechuy-Levytsky
Oleksandr Oles
Joseph Oleskiw
Ihor Pavlyuk
Olena Pchilka
Valerian Pidmohylny
Les Podervianskyi
Svitlana Pyrkalo
Maksym Rylsky
Taras Shevchenko
Valeriy Shevchuk
Vasyl Shkliar
Hryhori Skovoroda
Maryna Sokolyan
Volodymyr Sosyura
Vasyl Stefanyk
Vasyl Stus
Vasyl Symonenko
Yuriy Tarnawsky
Olena Teliha
Hryhir Tiutiunnyk
Pavlo Tychyna
Yuriy Tys
Lesya Ukrainka
Oles Ulianenko
Iryna Vilde
Marko Vovchok
Volodymyr Vynnychenko
Yuriy Vynnychuk
Ostap Vyshnia
Vira Vovk
Yuriy Yanovsky
Oksana Zabuzhko
Pavlo Zahrebelnyi
Mykola Zerov
Serhiy Zhadan
Iryna Vilde
Ukrainian literature mostly developed under foreign domination over Ukrainian territories, foreign rule by the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Poland, the Russian Empire, the Kingdom of Romania, the Austria-Hungary Empire, and the Ottoman Empire, enriched Ukrainian culture and language, and Ukrainian authors were able to produce a rich literary heritage.
History
Prior to the establishment of Ukrainian literature in 1700s, many authors from Ukraine wrote in "scholarly" languages of middle-ages – Latin and Old-Church Slavonic. Among prominent authors from Ukraine who wrote in Latin and Old-Church Slavonic are Hryhorii Skovoroda, Yuriy Drohobych, Stanislav Orikhovsky-Roxolan, Feofan Prokopovych, Jan-Toma Yuzefovych, Pavlo Rusyn-Krosnyanyn and others.
Beginnings of oral Ukrainian literature
During this period of history there was a higher number of elementary schools per population in the Hetmanate than in either neighbouring Muscovy or Poland. In the 1740s, of 1,099 settlements within seven regimental districts, as many as 866 had primary schools. The German visitor to the Hetmanate, writing in 1720, commented on how the son of Hetman Danylo Apostol, who had never left Ukraine, was fluent in the Latin, Italian, French, German, Polish and Russian languages.
Late 16th and early 17th century included the rise of folk epics called dumy. These songs celebrated the activities of the Cossacks and were oral retellings of major Ukrainian historical events in modern Ukrainian language (i.e., not in Old-Church Slavonic). This period produced Ostap Veresai, a renowned minstrel and kobzar from Poltava province, Ukraine.
Beginnings of written Ukrainian literature
Ivan Kotlyarevsky
(1769–1838) Taras Shevchenko
(1814–1861) Ivan Franko
(1856–1916) Mykhailo
Kotsiubynsky
(1864–1913) Lesya Ukrainka
(1871–1913)
The establishment of Ukrainian literature is believed to have been triggered by the publishing of a widely successful poem Eneida by Ivan Kotliarevsky in 1798, which is one of the first instances of a printed literary work written in modern Ukrainian language. Due to Kotliarevsky's role as the inaugurator of Ukrainian literature, among literary critics he is often referred to as "the father of Ukrainian literature". Modern Ukrainian prose was inaugurated by Hryhorii Kvitka-Osnovianenko’s novel Marusya (1834).
Contemporary literature
Main article: Contemporary Ukrainian literature
Since the late 1980s, and particularly after the independence of Ukraine (1991) and disappearance of Soviet censorship the whole generation of writers emerged: Sofia Maidanska, Ihor Kalynets, Moysey Fishbein, Yuri Andrukhovych, Serhiy Zhadan, Oksana Zabuzhko, Oleksandr Irvanets, Yuriy Izdryk, Maria Matios, Ihor Pavlyuk and many others. Many of them are considered to be "postmodernists".
Notable Ukrainian writers
Victoria Amelina
Emma Andijewska
Yuri Andrukhovych
Borys Antonenko-Davydovych
Bohdan-Ihor Antonych
Ivan Bahrianyi
Mykola Bazhan
Vasyl Barka
Bohdan Boychuk
Stepan Charnetskyi
Ilarion Cholhan
Viktor Domontovych
Ivan Drach
Ivan Franko
Moysey Fishbein
Eliáš Galajda
Nikolai Gogol
Yaroslav Halan
Oles Honchar
Yevhen Hutsalo
Igor Kaczurowskyj
Ihor Kalynets
Iryna Kalynets
Tadey Karabovych/Karabowicz
Yelysei Karpenko
Hryts’ko Kernerenko
Lesia Khraplyva
Mykola Khvylovy
Natalia Kobrynska
Olha Kobylyanska
Ivan Kocherha
Oleksa Kolomiyets
Yuriy Kosach
Lina Kostenko
Eaghor (Ihor) Kostetzky
Ivan Kotlyarevsky
Mykhailo Kotsiubynsky
Ludmyla Kovalenko
Oleh Koverko
Mykola Kulish
Panteleimon Kulish
Ivan Kulyk
Myroslav Laiuk
Oksana Liaturynska
Oksana Lutsyshyna
Yuriy Lypa
Andriy Lyubka
Oleh Lysheha
Sofia Maidanska
Vasyl Makhno
Andriy Malyshko
Tanya Malyarchuk
Maria Matios
Leonid Mosendz
Panas Myrny
Ivan Nechuy-Levytsky
Oleksandr Oles
Joseph Oleskiw
Ihor Pavlyuk
Olena Pchilka
Valerian Pidmohylny
Les Podervianskyi
Svitlana Pyrkalo
Maksym Rylsky
Taras Shevchenko
Valeriy Shevchuk
Vasyl Shkliar
Hryhori Skovoroda
Maryna Sokolyan
Volodymyr Sosyura
Vasyl Stefanyk
Vasyl Stus
Vasyl Symonenko
Yuriy Tarnawsky
Olena Teliha
Hryhir Tiutiunnyk
Pavlo Tychyna
Yuriy Tys
Lesya Ukrainka
Oles Ulianenko
Iryna Vilde
Marko Vovchok
Volodymyr Vynnychenko
Yuriy Vynnychuk
Ostap Vyshnia
Vira Vovk
Yuriy Yanovsky
Oksana Zabuzhko
Pavlo Zahrebelnyi
Mykola Zerov
Serhiy Zhadan
Iryna Vilde
