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How is a unit calorie calculated , and who was it that formulated the unit ?

SeadragonPrincess · 26-30, F
calorie is a creature that sews clothing tighter every day
ArishMell · 70-79, M
Introduced by Nicolas Clement in 1824, as a heat energy unit.

Though the "large" or "food" calorie (1kcal) is used to describe food, the calorie large or small is obsolete according to that Great Inventor of Measurement Camels*, the Systeme Internationale.

The SI unit of energy is the joule, and seems to be described officially in mechanical terms though applicable to all energy forms, so it does not equate to heating a neat integer's worth of water.

*(As in the old saying, that a camel is a horse invented by a committee.)
Xuan12 · 31-35, M
One calorie is the amount of energy it takes to heat one milliliter of water by one degree celsius. Food calories are usually actually 1000 actual calories, and so are actually kilocalories. I don't know who formalized the unit.
cherokeepatti · 61-69, F
I don't know who did it but the original way is not accurate because insoluble fiber also burns heat to add to the calorie count.
mathsman · 70-79, M
By burning the food
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